Can black holes be a source of energy?
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New research identifies a system and the conditions for harvesting free energy stored in spinning black holes.
Black holes are believed to be the most enigmatic objects in the universe when massive stars fall at the end of their lifetimes. These include a region of spacetime where gravity is so strong that nothing can escape it. Thus, no one can see them directly and can only detect their highly energetic nature from their presence and surrounding matter.
The concept of extracting rotational energy from a black hole is a prediction of general relativity and was first realized in the late 1960s, but no viable mechanism for extraction has been revealed.
Now new research by physicists Luca Comiso of the Columbia Astrophysics Laboratory in New York and Felipe Esenzo of the University of Adolfo Ibanez, Chile, suggests that such a process, which spins in the plasma of externally supplied magnetic fields and charged plasma Is to immerse the black hole. Particle. This will cause rearrangement or range recombination 'of magnetic field lines with the emission of particles, some which fall into the rear hole and others which survive.
The research, to be published in the journal Physics Review D, identifies two key conditions for energy extraction. One is that the black hole must rotate rapidly and the other is that it must be massive. With both the required spin rate and the square of mass scaling the energy extraction potential, the optimal target black hole will be the largest scale and the fastest spinning.
This process is found to be highly efficient compared to other models, in which energy efficiency can reach up to 150%. It is not unlimited, however, that power extraction can induce a significant spindown of the black hole and the loss of efficacy of the magnetic recombination process.
In practice, the researchers suggest that magnetic recombination is likely to be interconnected and the associated emission is expected to exhibit a turbulent nature.
This is the theory anyway and while research should lead us to understand the high energy phenomena in the universe, energy harvesting from black holes will not occur in the foreseeable future. But science fiction has a way of becoming science fact and should not be dismissed for future civilizations.
In the meantime, we are just now beginning to reduce our sun's energy production and even after several tens of years of research to effectively replicate nuclear fusion reactions that power the sun and other stars. A solution to this fusion solstice will go a long way to meet the energy challenges of the coming time and years.
The black hole in M87 is estimated to be about 40 billion km and 6.5 billion times larger than the Sun. It is 520 quintal km away.
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