What is bird flu | full information of bird flu | what are the symptoms of bird flu | what will be the treatment for bird flu
Bird flu outbreaks have been affecting poultry around the world for decades, and cradling infected birds is a common measure to stop the spread.
Bird flu has been reported between wild land in Himachal Pradesh, crows in Rajasthan and Madhya Pradesh and ducks in Kerala. In Haryana, about one lakh poultry birds have mysteriously died in the last few days.
About 1,800 migratory birds have been found dead in Pong Dam lake in Himachal Pradesh. In Kerala, flu has been detected in two districts, ordering officials to catch the ducks. A bird flu alert has been seen in Rajasthan, where more than 250 crows were found dead in half a dozen districts.
WHAT IS AVIAN INFLUENZA OR BIRD FLU?
It is a highly contagious viral disease caused by the influenza type A virus that usually affects birds such as chickens and turkeys. There are many strains of the virus - some of them are mild and can only cause low egg production or other mild symptoms among chickens, while others are severe and fatal.
HOW DOES THE BIRD FLU SPREAD?
Wild aquatic birds such as ducks and geese are natural reserves of influenza A viruses and are central players in the ecology of these viruses.
Many birds flu without developing disease, and shed it in their droppings. Since birds are also emitted while flying, they provide "a good aerosol of influenza virus, which carries it around the world", in the words of American Virology Professor Vincent Raniello.
From water birds, many of whom migrate and travel long distances, the viruses are thus further spread to poultry and terrestrial birds. Sometimes, the virus jumps over to mammals such as dogs, horses, pigs and cats.
WHEN AND HOW DID THE BIRD FLU START INFACTING HUMAN?
Bird flu outbreaks have been affecting chickens around the world for decades, and cradling infected birds is a common measure to stop the spread. But it was in 1997 when humans were first known to contract bird flu after an outbreak at a live bird market in Hong Kong. This was the H5N1 strain of the virus, and 6 out of 18 infected humans died of the disease.
It was contained, but a few years later re-emerged in various parts of the world and caused hundreds of human deaths, most notably in Southeast Asia. The movement of infected chickens and migratory birds and an illegal bird trade are thought to be the cause of the spread. Some mammals such as cat and lion were also infected.
Subsequently, several other strains of the virus such as H5N2 and H5N8 made the leap from animals to humans, thus becoming a global public health concern.
DOES IT SPREAD EASLY TO HUMAN?
No it is not. Typically, people in close contact with infected living or dead birds have contracted the H5N1 bird flu, and it generally does not spread from person to person according to the WHO. There is also no evidence, the WHO says, that the disease can spread to people through well-prepared and cooked food. The virus is sensitive to heat, and dies at cooking temperatures.
THEN WHY THE SCARE?
H5N1 is severe and fatal - 6 out of 10 confirmed cases in humans have resulted in deaths (although under-reporting of asymptomatic cases may result in lower actual mortality).
If the virus mutates and is easily transferred from person to person, changing its size to more effectively capture human cells, it could potentially cause an pendamic.
In addition, flu viruses are more prone to mutations because they have a fragmented genome. All known strains of the flu - including seasonal flu and pandemic flu - have jumped from birds to humans in this way.
BIRDS FLU IN INDIA.
According to the Union Ministry of Health, no cases of bird flu have been detected in humans so far in India. The Animal Husbandry Department has reported 25 episodes of H5N1 bird flu in poultry in 25 states in 15 states (when the first outbreaks occurred in Maharashtra and Gujarat) since 2006. It has also been found in crows.
WHAT ARE THE SYMPTOMS AND TREATMENT OF BIRD FLU?
Unlike birds, where it usually infects the gut, avian influenza attacks the respiratory tract of humans and can cause severe respiratory illnesses such as pneumonia or acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS). Its initial symptoms include fever, cough, sore throat and sometimes abdominal pain and diarrhea.
According to the Union Ministry of Health, antiviral drugs, especially oseltamivir, improve the chances of survival in humans. The ministry advises people working with poultry to use PPE and follow hand hygiene. In the US, the FDA approved a vaccine for the H5N1 virus in 2007.
In Poultry Birds, vaccination strategies advised by the World Health Organization can be used to prevent the flu, and the organization recommends the elimination of highly pathogenic avian influenza (HPAI) at its source so that avian species and further humans Diseases can be reduced in infections.
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